Indian Journal of Endocrine Surgery and Research

Register      Login

SEARCH WITHIN CONTENT

FIND ARTICLE

Volume / Issue

Online First

Archive
Volume  19 (2024)
Volume  18 (2023)
Volume  17 (2022)
Volume  16 (2021)
Volume  15 (2020)
Volume  13 (2018)
Volume  12 (2016)
Volume  11 (2014)
Related articles

VOLUME 19 , ISSUE 1 ( January-June, 2024 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Gynecomastia: Evaluation and Management with Modified Intra-areolar Incision at Tertiary Care Center

Tanjum Kamboj, Ankur Bhatnagar, Anupama Singh, Sabaretnam Mayilvaganan

Keywords : Benign breast disease, Gynecomastia, Klinefelter syndrome, Lipomastia, Mammoplasty, Tamoxifen

Citation Information : Kamboj T, Bhatnagar A, Singh A, Mayilvaganan S. Gynecomastia: Evaluation and Management with Modified Intra-areolar Incision at Tertiary Care Center. 2024; 19 (1):2-5.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10088-11224

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 17-06-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).


Abstract

Objectives: To study the hormonal profile of patients of gynecomastia, preoperative evaluation management, and outcome. Materials and methods: Retrospective study of all male patients presenting to the outpatient in plastic surgery clinic with gynecomastia. Complete endocrinology workup was done for each patient. Patient were treated by either liposuction alone or combined with gland excision with modified intra-areolar incision. Patients were followed up at 2-week, 1-month, and 6-month interval for complications, recurrence, and esthetic outcome. Results: Overall complication and recurrence rate was low with early and long-term use of postoperative pressure garment. Modified intra-areolar incision showed better esthetic outcomes in patients who underwent gland excision. Conclusion: Gynecomastia patient shows least recurrence and complications when treated with combination of liposuction and gland excision with superior esthetic results with intra-areolar incision.

HTML PDF Share
  1. Mathes SJ, Seyfer AE, Miranda EP. Congenital anomalies of the chest wall. In: Mathes SJ (ed) Plastic surgery, 2nd edition. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier 2006; pp. 457–537.
  2. International Society of Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery international survey on aesthetic and cosmetic procedures performed in 2010 (2010). Available from: https://www.isaps.org/media/zu4dtawc/isaps-results-procedures-2010-1.pdf.
  3. Morselli PG. “Pull-through”: A new technique for breast reduction in gynecomastia. Plast Recontr Surg 1996;97(2):450–454. DOI: 10.1097/00006534-199602000-00028.
  4. Bracaglia R, Fortunato R, Gentileschi S, et al. Our experience with the so-called pull-through technique combined with liposuction for management of gynecomastia. Ann Plast Surg 2004;53(1):22–26. DOI: 10.1097/01.sap.0000106429.37110.cf.
  5. Nydick M, Bustos J, Dale JH, et al. Gynecomastia in adolescent boys. JAMA 1961;178(5):449–454. DOI: 10.1001/jama.1961.03040440001001.
  6. Karsner HT. Gynecomastia. Am J Pathol 1946;22:235–315.
  7. Webster JP. Mastectomy for gynecomastia through a semi-circular intra-areolar incision. Ann Surg 1946;124(3):557–575. PMID: 17858862.
  8. Barsky AJ, Kahn S, Simon BE. Principles and Practice of Plastic Surgery. 2nd Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1964. p. 566.
  9. Letterman G, Schurter M. The surgical correction of gynecomastia. Am Surg 1969;35(2):322–325. PMID: 5782230.
  10. Narula HS, Carlson HE. Gynecomastia. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2007;36(2):497–519. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2007.03.013.
  11. Carlson HE. Approach to the patient with gynecomastia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011;96(1):15–21. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.96.9. zeg15a.
  12. Ikard RW, Vavra D, Forbes RC, et al. Management of senescent gynecomastia in the Veterans Health Administration. Breast J 2011;17(2):160–166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4741.2010.01050.x.
  13. Rosenberg GJ. A new cannula for suction removal of parenchymal tissue of gynecomastia. Plastic Reconstr Surg 1994;94(3):548–551. DOI: 10.1097/00006534-199409000-00023.
  14. Rohrich RJ, Ha RY, Kenkel JM, et al. Classification and Management of gynecomastia: Defining the role of ultrasound assisted liposuction. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003;111(2):909–925. DOI: 10.1097/01.PRS.0000042146.40379.25.
  15. Hodgson EL, Fruhstorfer BH, Malata CM. Ultrasonic liposuction in the treatment of gynecomastia. Plast Reconstr Surg 2005;116(2):646–655. DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000173441.57812.e8.
  16. Hammond DC, Arnold JF, Simon AM, et al. Combined use of ultrasonic liposuction with the pull through technique for the treatment of gynecomastia. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003;112(3):891–895. DOI: 10.1097/01.PRS.0000072254.75067.F7.
  17. Lista F, Ahmad J. Power assisted liposuction and pull through technique for the treatment of gynecomastia. Plast Reconstr Surg 2008;121(3):740–747. DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000299907.04502.2f.
  18. Benito-Ruiz J, Raigosa M, Manzano M, et al. Assessment of a suction-assisted cartilage shaver plus liposuction for the treatment of gynecomastia. Aesthet Surg J 2009;29(4):302–309. DOI: 10.1016/j.asj.2009.02.020.
  19. Prado AC, Castillo PF. Minimal surgical access to treat gynecomastia with the use of a power-assisted arthroscopic-endoscopic cartilage shaver. Plast Recontr Surg 2005;115(3):939–942. DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000153237.35202.7d.
  20. Song JY, Han BK, Kim CH. The treatment of gynecomastia using XPS microresector (shaver). J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg 2009;36: 806–810.
  21. Letterman G, Schurter M. Surgical correction of massive gynecomastia. Plast Reconstr Surg 1972;49(3):259–262. DOI:10.1097/00006534-197203000-00003.
  22. Huang TT, Hidalgo JE, Lewis SR. A circumareolar approach in surgical management of gynecomastia. Plast Reconstr Surg 1982;69(1):35–40. PMID: 7053509.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.